Refine your search
Collections
Co-Authors
Journals
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Supriya,
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Pathophysiology and Treatments Available
Abstract Views :208 |
PDF Views:1
Authors
Affiliations
1 Rajendra Institute of Technology and Sciences, Sirsa Haryana, IN
2 Chitkara School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chitkara University, Barotiwala HP, IN
3 NCRD's Sterling Institute of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, IN
1 Rajendra Institute of Technology and Sciences, Sirsa Haryana, IN
2 Chitkara School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chitkara University, Barotiwala HP, IN
3 NCRD's Sterling Institute of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 2, No 2 (2010), Pagination: 160-164Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is primarily a motility disorder. Escape of gastric contents into the esophagus occurs as a consequence of an incompetent gastroesophageal barrier. This barrier is weakened in the presence of an abnormally functioning Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES). This review is focused on the epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatments of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.Keywords
Reflux, Proton Pump Inhibitors, H2 Receptor Antagonists, Radiofrequency.
References
- Reynolds JC. Influence of pathophysiology, severity and cost on the medical management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Health- Syst Pharm 1996; 53 (Suppl 3): S5-S12.
- DeVault KR and Castell DO. Current diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Mayo Clin Proc 1994; 69: 867-876.
- Zhu H, Pace F, Sangaletti O, Bianchi Porro G. Features of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux in elderly patients. Scand J Gastroenterol 1993; 28: 235-238.
- Nandurkar S and Talley NJ. Epidemiology and natural history of reflux disease. Bailliers Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2000; 14: 743-757.
- Spechler SJ. Epidemiology and natural history of gastrooesophageal reflux disease. Digestion 1992; 51(Suppl 1): 24-29.
- Hu WH, Hui WM, Lam C L and Lam SK. Anxiety and depression are co-factors determining health care utilization in patients with dyspepsia: a Hong Kong population based study. Gastroenterology 1997; 112 (suppl 1): A153.
- Dent J, El-Serag HB, Wallander M-A, Johansson S. Epidemiology of gastro-oesophageal refl ux disease: a systematic review. Gut 2005; 54: 710-17.
- Kitchin LI and Castell DO. Rationale and efficacy of conservative therapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Arch Intern Med. 1991; 151: 448-454.
- Fennerty MB, Castell D and Fendrick AM. The diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in a managed care environment. Suggested disease management guidelines. Arch Intern Med. 1996; 156: 477- 484.
- Orlando RC. Textbook of Gastroenterology. Reflux esophagitis.2nd ed. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Company; 1995:1214 - 44.
- Kahrilas PJ. GERD pathogenesis, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations. Cleve Clin J Med 2003; 70 (suppl 5): S4-19.
- Paul M and Nicholas T. Gastro-esophageal reflux disease. Lancet 2006; 367: 2086-2100.
- Mittal RK and Balaban DH. Mechanisms of disease: The esophagogastric junction. N Engl J Med. 1997; 336: 924- 938.
- Yamato S, Saha J and Goyal RK. Role of nitric oxide in lower esophageal sphincter relaxation to swallowing. Life $5. 1992; 50: 1263-1272.
- Smith C. Gastroesophageal reflux disease. US Pharmacist 1999; 24: 77-86.
- Ogorek CP. Haubrich WS, Schaffner F and Berks E. Gastroenterology. Gastroesophageal reflux disease. 5th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 1995:445- 467.
- Zeiter DK and Hyams JS. Gastroesophageal reflux: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. Allergy Asthma Proc. 1999; 20: 4549.
- Richter JE. Long-term management of gastroesophageal reflux disease and its complications. Am J Gastroenterol. 1997; 92(Suppl 4):30s-35s.
- Kahrilas PJ. GERD pathogenesis, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations. Cleve Clin J Med 2003; 70 (suppl 5): S4-19.
- Boyce HW. Therapeutic approaches to healing esophagitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 1997; 92 (Suppl 4):22s-27s.
- Eva MV and Maya AT. Pharmacological strategies for treating Gastro-esophageal reflux disease. Clinical Therapeutics. 2000; 22 (6): 654-672.
- Maton PN and Burton ME. Antacids revisited: A review of their clinical pharmacology and recommended therapeutic use of Drugs. 1999; 57: 855-870.
- Jaspersen D, Diehl KL and Schoeppner H. A comparison of omeprazole, lansoprazole and pantoprazole in the maintenance treatment of severe reflux oeso- phagitis. Aliment Phurmacol Ther. 1998; 12:49-52.
- Tytgat GN, Heading RC and Muller-Lissner. Contemporary understanding and Management of reflux and constipation in the general population and pregnancy: a consensus meeting. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003; 18: 291-301.
- DeVault KR and Castell DO. The practice parameters committee of the American College of Gastroenterology. Updated guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol 1999; 94: 1434-1442.
- Self-directed treatment of intermittent heartburn: A randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of antacid and low doses of an H,-receptor antagonist (famotidine). Am J Ther. 1995; 2: 304-3 13.
- Schindlbeck NE, Klauser AG and Voderholzer WAl. Empiric therapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Arch Intern Med. 1995; 155:1808-1812.
- Xue S, Katz PO and Banerjee P. Bedtime H2 blockers improve nocturnal gastric acid control in GERD patients on proton pump inhibitors. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2001; 15: 1351-1356.
- Chiba N, De Cara CJ, Wilkinson JM and Hunt RH. Speed of healing and symptom relief in grade II to IV gastrooesophageal reflux disease: A meta-analysis. Gastroenterology 1997; 112: 1798-1810.
- Radu T and Donald OC. Gastro-esophageal reflux disease: Natural history and long term medical and surgical outcomes. Clinical cornerstone 2003; 5 (4): 51-57.
- Barradell LB, Fauda D and McTavish D. Lansoprazole: A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and its therapeutic efficacy in acid-related disorders. Drugs. 1992; 44: 225-250.
- Cremonini F, Wise J, Moayyedi P and Talley NJ. Diagnostic and therapeutic use of proton pump inhibitors in non-cardiac chest pain: A meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2005; 100: 1226-32.
- Blum RA. Lansoprazole and omeprazole in the treatment of acid peptic disorders. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 1996; 53:140-1415.
- Behar J and Ramsby G. Gastric emptying and antral motility in reflux esophagitis: Effect of oral metoclopramide. Gastroenterology. 1978; 74: 253-256.
- Nebel OT, Fomes NF and Caste11 DO. Symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux: Incidence and precipitating factors. Am J Dig Dis. 1976; 21: 953-956.
- Branton SA, Hinder RA and Floch NR. Surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. In: Caste11 DO, Richter JE, eds. The Esophagus. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999:51 l-525.
- Shapira AR, Stein HJ and Scwartz D. Endoluminal methods of treating gastroesophageal reflux disease. Dis Esophagus 2002; 15:132-36.
- Dmitry O and Brant O. New alternatives in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. The American journal of surgery 2003; 186: 106-111.
- Saleem I, James DG, Arnold GC and Daniel HT. Use of radiofrequency ablation of the lower esophageal sphincter to treat recurrent gastroesophageal reflux disease. Journal of pediatric surgery 2004; 39 (3): 282-286.
- O'Connor KW and Lehman GA. Endoscopic placement of collagen at the lower esophageal sphincter to inhibit gastroesophageal reflux: A pilot study of 10 medically intractable patients. Gasrointest Endosc 1984; 30:275.
- Couve, A., Moss, S. J. and Pangalos, M. N. GABA (B) receptors: A new paradigm in G protein signaling. Mol Cell Neurosci 2000; 16:296−312.
- Billinton, A., Ige, A. O., Bolam, J. P., White, J. H., Marshall, F. H. and Emson, P. C. Advances in the molecular understanding of GABA(B) receptors. Trends Neurosci 24, 2001; 277−282.
- Bowery, NG, Bettler, B, Froestl, W, Gallagher, JP, Marshall, F and Raiteri, M. International Union of Pharmacology. XXXIII. Mammalian gamma-amino butyric acid (B) receptors: structure and function. Pharmacol Rev 2002; 54:247−264
- P53 and It’s Applications in Cancer Therapy
Abstract Views :412 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Rasalpura - 453446, Mhow, Madhya Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, GADVASU, Ludhiana - 141012, Punjab, IN
1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Rasalpura - 453446, Mhow, Madhya Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, GADVASU, Ludhiana - 141012, Punjab, IN
Source
Toxicology International (Formerly Indian Journal of Toxicology), Vol 22, No 2 (2015), Pagination: 9-18Abstract
P53 is a tumour suppressor protein encoded by the TP53 gene, which is one of the most commonly mutated gene in human and animal cancers. Missense Mutation of the p53 gene is the most prevalent genetic abnormalities which gives rise to full length p53 containing single amino acid substitution within the sequence-specific DNA binding domain (|Greenblatt et al., 1994)14. p53 plays anti-cancer role, through several mechanisms namely by activating DNA repair, initiating apoptosis and inducing growth arrest. By managing the DNA damage, p53 gene plays an important role in maintaining integrity and stability of the genome and therefore, it has been described as "the guardian of the genome". Restoring p53 function is a major step in the treatment of many cancers by following different strategies like, gene replacement therapy using wild-type p53, reactivation of p53 function, inhibition of p53-Mdm2 interaction etc. Advexin is an Adeno-p53 vector, recognized as an orphan drug by USA, Food and Drug administration in 2003, provides delivery of wild-type p53 to cancer cells and demonstrates anticancer activity following adequate expression of p53 (Nemunaitis and Nemunaitis, 2008)27. Similarly, MI-319 restores p53 functions and increases the life span of orally treated follicular lymphoma bearing animals (Mohammad et al., 2009)25. These strategies of p53-based cancer therapy differ greatly between themselves both in the mode of action and the degree of success seen in experimental models. Cancer therapy based around p53 proves to be more efficacious, especially in terms of specificity. But the innovation of successful p53-based cancer therapies is only limited by our understanding of p53 biology and the creative use of such knowledge. In future, p53-based cancer therapy can be a valuable option for the treatment of a variety of tumours in human as well as animals.Keywords
P53/Cancer Therapy.References
- Amaral. The role of p53 in apoptosis. Discovery Med. 2010; 9(45):145–52.
- Bennett M, Macdonald K, Chan SW, Luzio JP, Simari R, Weissberg P. Cell surface trafficking of Fas: a rapid mechanism of p53-mediated apoptosis. Science. 1998; 282:290–3.
- Bertholet S, Iggo R, Corradin G. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte responces to wild-type and mutant mouse p53 peptides. Eur J Immunol. 1997; 27:798–801.
- Bottger A, Bottger V, Sparks A. Design of a synthetic Mdm2-binding mini protein that activates the p53 response in vivo. Curr Biol. 1997; 7:860–9.
- Bunz F. Requirement for p53 and p21 to sustain G2 arrest after DNA damage. Science. 1998; 282:1497–501.
- Bykov VJ, Selivanova G, Wiman KG. Small molecules that reactivate mutant p53. Eur J Cancer. 2003; 39:1828–34.
- Cai DW, Mukhopadhyay T, Liu YJ. Stable expression of the wild-type p53 gene in human lung-cancer cells after retrovirus mediated gene-transfer. Human Gene Ther. 1993; 4:617–24.
- Chen J, Wu X, Lin J, Levine AJ. Mdm2 inhibits the G1 arrest and apoptosis functions of the p53 tumour suppressor protein. Mol Cell Biol. 1996; 16:2445–52.
- Ciernik IF, Berzofsky J, Carbone DP. Mutant oncopeptide immunization induces CTL specifically lysing tumour-cells endogenously expressing the corresponding intact mutant p53. Hybridoma. 1995; 14:139–42.
- Conseiller E, Debussche L, Landais D. CTS-1: A p53-derived chimeric tumour suppressor gene with enhanced in vitro apoptotic properties. J Clin Invest. 1998; 101:120–7.
- Cui R, Widlund HR, Feige E, Lin JY, Wilensky DL, Igras VE, D’Orazio J, Fung CY, Schanbacher CF, Granter SR, Fisher DE. Central role of p53 in the suntan response and pathologic hyperpigmentation. Cell. 2007; 128(5):853–64.
- Farhood H, Gao X, Son K. Cationic liposomes for direct gene-transfer in therapy of cancer and other diseases. Ann Ny Acad Sci. 1994; 716:23–35.
- Gallagher WM, Brown R. p53-oriented cancer therapies: current progress. Annals Oncol. 1999; 10:139–50.
- Greenblatt MS, Bennett WP, Hollstein M, Harris CC. Mutations in the p53 tumour suppressor gene: clues to cancer etiology and molecular pathogenesis. Cancer Res. 1994; 54:4855–78.
- Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. The hallmarks of cancer. Cell.2000; 100:57–70.
- Howard MIC, Kershaw T, Gibb B. High efficiency gene transfer to the central nervous system of rodents and primates using herpes virus vectors lacking functional p27 and p34.5. Gene Ther. 1998; 5:1137–47.
- Idogawa M, Ohashi T, Sasaki Y, Maruyama R, Kashima L, Suzuki H, Tokino T. Identification and analysis of large intergenic non-coding RNAs regulated by p53 family members through a genome-wide analysis of p53-binding sites. Hum Mol Genet. 2014; 23:2847–57.
- Issaeva N, Friedler A, Bozko P, Wiman KG, Fersht AR, Selivanova G. Rescue of mutants of the tumour suppressor p53 in cancer cells by a designed peptide. Proc Nat Acad Sci. 2003; 100:13303–7.
- Jeffers JR, Parganas E, Lee Y, Yang C, Wang J. Puma is an essential mediator of p53-dependent and independent apoptotic pathways. Cancer Cell. 2003; 4(4):321–8.
- Joerger AC, Fersht AR. Structural biology of the tumor suppressor p53. Annu Rev Biochem. 2008; 77:557–82.
- Koshland DE. Molecule of the year. Science. 1993; 262(5142):1953.
- Kroemer G, Galluzzi L, Brenner C. Mitochondrial membrane permeabilization in cell death. Physiol Rev. 2007; 87(1):99–163.
- Lesoonwood LA, Kim WH, Kleinman HK. Systemic gene-therapy with p53 reduces growth and metastases of a malignant human breast cancer in nude-mice. Human Gene Ther. 1995; 6:395–405.
- Maier B, Gluba W, Bernier B. Modulation of mammalian life span by the short isoform of p53. Genes Dev. 2004; 18(3):306–19.
- Mohammad RM, Wu J, Azmi AS, Aboukameel A, Sosin A. An Mdm2 antagonist (MI-319) restores p53 functions and increases the life span of orally treated follicular lymphoma bearing animals. Mol. Cancer. 2009; 8:115.
- Moroni MC, Hickman ES, Denchi EL, Caprara G. Apaf-1 is a transcriptional target for E2F and p53. Nat Cell Biol. 2001; 3(6):552–8.
- Nemunaitis K, Nemunaitis S. Potential of Advexin: a p53 gene-replacement therapy in Li-Fraumeni syndrome. J Clin Oncol. 2008; 20:2408–18.
- Nielsen LL, Maneval DC. p53: Tumour suppressor gene therapy for cancer. Cancer Gene Ther. 1997; 4:129–38.
- Oconnor PM, Jackman J, Bae I. Characterization of the p53 tumour suppressor pathway in cell lines of the national cancer institute anticancer drug screen and correlations with the growth inhibitory potency of 123 anticancer agents. Cancer Res. 1997; 57:4285–300.
- Roth JA, Cristiano RJ. Gene therapy for cancer: What have we done and where are we going? J Nat Cancer Inst. 1997; 89:21–39.
- Sakaguchi K, Herrera JE, Saito S. DNA damage activates p53 through a phosphorylation-acetylation cascade. Genes Dev. 1998; 12:2831–41.
- Shangary S, Wang S. Small-molecule inhibitors of the Mdm2-p53 protein-protein interaction to reactivate p53 function: a novel approach for cancer therapy. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2009; 49:223–41.
- Snyder EL, Meade BR, Saenz CC, Dowdy SF. Treatment of terminal peritoneal carcinomatosis by a transducible p53-activating peptide. Proc Biol. 2004; 2:36.
- Takashi D, Bruce SE. Induction of wild-type p53 activity in human cancer cells by ribozyme that repair mutant p53 transcripts. Future Oncol. 2000; 4(6):759–68.
- Tamura M, Sasaki Y, Kobashi K, Takeda K, Nakagaki T, Idogawa M, Tokino T. CRKL oncogene is downregulated by p53 through miR-200s. Cancer Science. 2015; 106(7):1–8.
- Tamura M, Sasaki Y, Koyama R, Takeda K, Idogawa M, Tokino T. Forkhead transcription factor FOXF1 is a novel target gene of the p53 family and regulates cancer cell migration and invasiveness. Oncogene. 2014; 33:4837–46.
- Tang X, Zhu Y, Han L, Kim AL, Kopelovich L, Bickers DR, Athar M. CP-31398 restores mutant p53 tumour suppressor function and inhibits UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis in mice. J Clin Invest. 2002; 112(12):3753–64.
- Thomas M, Massimi P, Banks L. HPV-18 E6 inhibits DNA binding activity regardless of the oligomeric state of p53 or the exact p53 recognition sequence. Oncogene. 1996; 13:471–80.
- Vakhrusheva O, Smolka C, Gajawada P, Kostin S, Boettger T, Kubin T, Braun T. Sirt7 increases stress resistance of cardiomyocytes and prevents apoptosis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy in mice. Circ Res. 2008; 102(6):703–10.
- Vegad JL. Neoplasia. In: A text book of veterinary general pathology (2nd edn). International book publishing distributing corporation, Lucknow. 2007; 277–335.
- Vogelstein B, Lane D, Levine AJ. Surfing the p53 network. Nature. 2000; 408:307–10.
- Wade M, Li YC, Wahl GM. MDM2, MDMX and p53 in oncogenesis and cancer therapy. Nature Reviews Cancer. 2013; 13:83–96.
- Wang W, El-Deiry WS. Restoration of p53 to limit tumour growth. Curr Opin Oncol. 2008; 20(1):90–6.
- Wolff JA, Malone RW, Williams P. Direct gene-transfer into mouse muscle in vivo. Science. 1990; 247:1465–8.
- Wu GS, Burns TF, McDonald ER. KILLER/DR5 is a DNA damage-inducible p53-regulated death receptor gene. Nat Genet. 1997; 17(2):141–3.
- Wu N, Rollin J, Masse I, Lamartine J, Gidrol X. P53 regulates human keratinocytes proliferation by MYC –regulated gene network and differentiation commitment through cell adhesion-related gene network. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2012; 287(8):5627–38.
- Xu L, Pirollo KF, Chang EH. Transferrin-liposome-mediated p53 sensitisation of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck to radiation in vitro. Human Gene Ther. 1997; 8:467–75.
- Zhang J, Sun Q, Zhang Z, Ge S, Han ZG, Chen WT. Loss of microRNA-143/145 disturbs cellular growth and apoptosis of human epithelial cancers by impairing the MDM2-p53 feedback loop. Oncogene. 2013; 32:61–9.
- Development of Neural Network Application for Fuel Consumption and Mapping for Aircraft
Abstract Views :853 |
PDF Views:293
Authors
Supriya
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science, SJR College for Women, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, IN
1 Department of Computer Science, SJR College for Women, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, IN
Source
Adarsh Journal of Information Technology, Vol 6, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 17-19Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to present a simplified method to estimate aircraft fuel consumption using an artificial neural network. The models developed here are can be implemented in fast-time airspace and airfield simulation models. Neural Network Library for Estimation of Aircraft Fuel Consumption basically aims at building an application that uses neural network to estimate the fuel consumption of the aircraft.Keywords
FCM (Fuel Consumption Model), AFCM (Aircraft Fuel Consumption Model), FAA (Federal Aviation Administration), AFCM (Advance Fuel Consumption Model), ISA (International Standard Atmosphere).Full Text
- Design Optimization of Photovoltaic Powered Water Pumping Systems
Abstract Views :235 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Solar Energy, Village Gwalphari, Gurgaon-Faridabad Road, Gurgaon-122003, IN
1 National Institute of Solar Energy, Village Gwalphari, Gurgaon-Faridabad Road, Gurgaon-122003, IN
Source
Invertis Journals of Renewable Energy, Vol 5, No 3 (2015), Pagination: 156-161Abstract
Ever since beginning of Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) in India, a boom is observed in the Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) applications. Usages of SPV water pumping systems for drinking water and irrigation purpose has increased. National Institute of Solar Energy (NISE) has established test facilities for evaluation of solar water pumping systems, and also studied various different SPV based water pumps of different capacities, types, and applications. It has been observed that the most of the pumps underperform due to poor design of the system, low efficiency of components and mismatch among components. It is observed that these pumps could have performed more efficiently if technical barrier discussed above are solved. This paper describes the major aspects needed to be incorporated in designing of SPV pumping systems. A specific case of assessment of two submersible pumps of same capacity and same type but with different array capacities has been presented. From experiment it found out that to maximise the water output of a solar water pumping system at a particular site, the incident radiation profile of that particular site should be studied& analysed and PV array capacity should be fixed according to a particular range of irradiance radiation where maximum annual irradiation has fallen.Keywords
SPV, JNNSM, PV Array Designing, Submersible Pump, Irradiance.Full Text